Take Charge of Your Thyroid Health: Understanding Symptoms and Treatment Options
The thyroid is a small but powerful gland that plays a crucial role in regulating many bodily functions, including metabolism, energy levels, mood, and overall well-being. When the thyroid is not functioning properly, it can lead to a variety of health issues that impact daily life. Understanding the signs of thyroid imbalance and seeking timely treatment is essential for maintaining optimal health.
At Lindsey Cassidy, MD & Associates, we specialize in hormonal health and preventive care, helping patients in Denver diagnose and manage thyroid conditions effectively. Here’s what you need to know about thyroid health, common imbalances, and what to do if you suspect an issue.
What Does the Thyroid Do and Why Does It Matter?
The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck, just below the Adam’s apple. It produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), which regulate:
Metabolism – How the body converts food into energy
Heart rate and circulation – Maintaining steady blood flow
Mood and brain function – Influencing mental clarity and emotional balance
Body temperature regulation – Keeping the body warm and functioning properly
Muscle and digestive function – Supporting gut health and muscle performance
When the thyroid is underactive (hypothyroidism) or overactive (hyperthyroidism), these processes can be disrupted, leading to a range of symptoms that can affect quality of life.
Hypothyroidism vs. Hyperthyroidism: Key Symptoms to Watch For
Two of the most common thyroid disorders are hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Each presents different symptoms that can often be mistaken for other health conditions.
Hypothyroidism (Underactive Thyroid)
Hypothyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones, leading to a slowdown in bodily functions.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism:
Fatigue and low energy
Unexplained weight gain
Depression or mood swings
Dry skin and thinning hair
Sensitivity to cold temperatures
Constipation and sluggish digestion
Muscle weakness or joint pain
Slow heart rate
Brain fog and difficulty concentrating
Common Causes:
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis – An autoimmune condition where the body attacks the thyroid
Iodine deficiency – Low iodine levels can hinder thyroid hormone production
Postpartum thyroiditis – Thyroid inflammation after pregnancy
Certain medications – Some drugs can interfere with thyroid function
Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid)
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, speeding up metabolism and bodily functions.
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism:
Unexplained weight loss despite normal or increased appetite
Anxiety, nervousness, or irritability
Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
Excessive sweating and heat intolerance
Tremors (shaky hands or fingers)
Insomnia and difficulty sleeping
Increased bowel movements or diarrhea
Bulging eyes (a symptom of Graves’ disease, a common cause of hyperthyroidism)
Common Causes:
Graves’ disease – An autoimmune disorder causing excessive thyroid hormone production
Thyroid nodules – Growths on the thyroid that can produce extra hormones
Excessive iodine intake – High iodine levels from diet or supplements
How Thyroid Health Affects Metabolism, Mood, and Energy
Because thyroid hormones control metabolism, even slight imbalances can impact weight, energy levels, and mental health.
Weight Gain & Metabolism – Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, leading to weight gain, while hyperthyroidism speeds it up, causing weight loss.
Mood & Mental Health – Low thyroid hormones can cause depression and brain fog, while high levels may lead to anxiety and restlessness.
Energy Levels – A sluggish thyroid can leave you feeling exhausted, while an overactive thyroid can cause restlessness and sleep disturbances.
If you are experiencing persistent fatigue, mood changes, or unexplained weight fluctuations, it’s important to get your thyroid checked.
Essential Thyroid Tests and When to Get Screened
If you suspect a thyroid issue, your doctor may order thyroid function tests to determine how well your thyroid is working.
Common Thyroid Tests:
TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) – Measures how much thyroid hormone your body needs
T3 & T4 Levels – Assesses the levels of active thyroid hormones in the blood
Thyroid Antibody Tests – Detects autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto’s or Graves’
Thyroid Ultrasound – Evaluates nodules or abnormalities in the gland
When to Get Screened:
If you have a family history of thyroid disease
If you experience symptoms of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism
If you have unexplained weight changes, fatigue, or mood shifts
Women over 40 should consider regular thyroid checkups, as hormonal fluctuations can affect thyroid function
Treatment Options: Medications, Lifestyle Changes, and Hormone Therapy
The good news is that thyroid disorders are highly treatable with the right approach.
1. Medications
Hypothyroidism Treatment: Levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl) – A daily thyroid hormone replacement pill.
Hyperthyroidism Treatment: Anti-thyroid medications (Methimazole, PTU) – Reduces excess hormone production.
2. Lifestyle Adjustments
Diet: Ensure adequate iodine, selenium, and zinc for thyroid support.
Exercise: Regular movement helps balance metabolism and energy levels.
Stress Management: Chronic stress can interfere with thyroid function.
3. Hormone Therapy & Advanced Treatment
Radioactive iodine therapy – Used to treat an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism).
Thyroid surgery – In rare cases, the thyroid may need to be partially or fully removed.
Bioidentical hormone therapy (for menopausal women) – Helps regulate hormone imbalances that can affect thyroid health.
Take Charge of Your Thyroid Health
Thyroid imbalances can significantly impact energy, weight, mood, and overall wellness, but early detection and treatment can make all the difference. If you’re experiencing symptoms or have concerns about your thyroid, don’t wait—get screened and take control of your health.
At Lindsey Cassidy, MD & Associates, we offer comprehensive thyroid evaluations and personalized treatment plans to help you feel your best.
